沸腾的李家庄：人民政协从这里走来
河北平(ping)山县李(li)家(jia)(jia)庄(zhuang)(zhuang)是西柏(bo)坡(po)时(shi)(shi)期中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)共中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央安(an)排(pai)的(de)民(min)(min)主(zhu)人(ren)(ren)士(shi)(shi)接待地之(zhi)一，当年受(shou)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)共中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央之(zhi)邀，来(lai)到李(li)家(jia)(jia)庄(zhuang)(zhuang)的(de)民(min)(min)主(zhu)人(ren)(ren)士(shi)(shi)主(zhu)要有24名(ming)。因(yin)为(wei)这些特(te)殊客人(ren)(ren)的(de)到来(lai)和中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)共中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央领导人(ren)(ren)的(de)时(shi)(shi)常(chang)光顾，李(li)家(jia)(jia)庄(zhuang)(zhuang)这个(ge)宁静的(de)山村(cun)经常(chang)呈(cheng)现“沸腾(teng)”的(de)场(chang)面。来(lai)李(li)家(jia)(jia)庄(zhuang)(zhuang)的(de)24名(ming)民(min)(min)主(zhu)人(ren)(ren)士(shi)(shi)，其中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)20人(ren)(ren)成(cheng)为(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)国人(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)政治协商会议第一届全体会议代表(biao)，见证了(le)新(xin)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)国的(de)诞(dan)生。
1948年5月，毛(mao)泽(ze)东率领(ling)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)共(gong)(gong)(gong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)转(zhuan)移到河北省平(ping)山县(xian)西(xi)柏坡(po)(po)村，一个(ge)新(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)历史时(shi)(shi)期——西(xi)柏坡(po)(po)时(shi)(shi)期开(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)始了。此(ci)时(shi)(shi)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)共(gong)(gong)(gong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)认为，召(zhao)(zhao)开(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)政(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)协(xie)商(shang)(shang)会(hui)(hui)(hui)议讨论建国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)问题的(de)(de)时(shi)(shi)机业(ye)已(yi)成熟。1948年4月30日，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)共(gong)(gong)(gong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)召(zhao)(zhao)开(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)书记处扩(kuo)大会(hui)(hui)(hui)议，讨论并决(jue)定(ding)以中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)共(gong)(gong)(gong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)名义发(fa)(fa)布“五一”劳动节口(kou)(kou)(kou)号。“五一口(kou)(kou)(kou)号”系统公(gong)(gong)布了中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)共(gong)(gong)(gong)产党关于(yu)政(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)、军事(shi)、经济等方面的(de)(de)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)张(zhang)，其中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)第五条是毛(mao)泽(ze)东在修改时(shi)(shi)亲(qin)自加(jia)上去(qu)的(de)(de)，号召(zhao)(zhao)“各(ge)(ge)民(min)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)党派，各(ge)(ge)人(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)团(tuan)体(ti)，各(ge)(ge)社会(hui)(hui)(hui)贤达(da)迅速召(zhao)(zhao)开(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)政(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)协(xie)商(shang)(shang)会(hui)(hui)(hui)议，讨论并实(shi)(shi)现召(zhao)(zhao)集人(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)代(dai)表大会(hui)(hui)(hui)，成立民(min)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)联合政(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)”。“五一口(kou)(kou)(kou)号”被誉为建立新(xin)(xin)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)宣言书、动员(yuan)令(ling)，由(you)此(ci)拉开(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)了协(xie)商(shang)(shang)建国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)序(xu)幕(mu)。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)共(gong)(gong)(gong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)发(fa)(fa)布“五一口(kou)(kou)(kou)号”，提(ti)出(chu)召(zhao)(zhao)开(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)新(xin)(xin)政(zheng)(zheng)协(xie)号召(zhao)(zhao)，得到各(ge)(ge)民(min)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)党派、人(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)团(tuan)体(ti)、无(wu)党派民(min)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)士(shi)(shi)、国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)外华侨和(he)各(ge)(ge)界(jie)人(ren)(ren)(ren)士(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)积极(ji)响应(ying)，一致拥(yong)护(hu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)共(gong)(gong)(gong)产党召(zhao)(zhao)开(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)新(xin)(xin)政(zheng)(zheng)协(xie)的(de)(de)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)张(zhang)，并认为只有中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)共(gong)(gong)(gong)产党才(cai)有资格和(he)能(neng)力领(ling)导(dao)召(zhao)(zhao)开(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)新(xin)(xin)政(zheng)(zheng)协(xie)。各(ge)(ge)民(min)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)党派、无(wu)党派民(min)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)士(shi)(shi)响应(ying)“五一口(kou)(kou)(kou)号”的(de)(de)实(shi)(shi)际行动，标(biao)志着(zhe)各(ge)(ge)民(min)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)党派和(he)无(wu)党派人(ren)(ren)(ren)士(shi)(shi)公(gong)(gong)开(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)、自觉地接受了中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)共(gong)(gong)(gong)产党的(de)(de)领(ling)导(dao)。
1949年(nian)1月1日(ri)，《人(ren)民日(ri)报(bao)》刊发毛泽(ze)(ze)(ze)东(dong)撰写的(de)(de)新(xin)年(nian)献词(ci)《将(jiang)(jiang)革命(ming)进行到底》。1949年(nian)1月14日(ri)，毛泽(ze)(ze)(ze)东(dong)发表(biao)《关(guan)于时(shi)局的(de)(de)声(sheng)明(ming)(ming)(ming)》，针对国(guo)(guo)民党(dang)的(de)(de)假求和阴谋和民主阵营可能出(chu)现(xian)的(de)(de)分裂倾向提出(chu)了明(ming)(ming)(ming)确(que)主张(zhang)。1949年(nian)1月至(zhi)3月间，各(ge)民主党(dang)派、无(wu)党(dang)派民主人(ren)士(shi)相继发表(biao)谈话、通电、宣(xuan)言，表(biao)示坚决拥护中(zhong)国(guo)(guo)共(gong)(gong)产(chan)党(dang)将(jiang)(jiang)革命(ming)进行到底的(de)(de)主张(zhang)，进一(yi)步加强了统一(yi)战线的(de)(de)内部(bu)团(tuan)结，夯实了中(zhong)国(guo)(guo)共(gong)(gong)产(chan)党(dang)领(ling)导(dao)召开新(xin)政(zheng)协(xie)的(de)(de)共(gong)(gong)同(tong)思想(xiang)政(zheng)治基础。特别是(shi)1949年(nian)1月22日(ri)，李(li)济深等(deng) 55名(ming)民主人(ren)士(shi)响应(ying)毛泽(ze)(ze)(ze)东(dong)关(guan)于时(shi)局声(sheng)明(ming)(ming)(ming)而联(lian)名(ming)发表(biao)的(de)(de)《我们对于时(shi)局的(de)(de)意见》，明(ming)(ming)(ming)确(que)表(biao)示：“愿在中(zhong)共(gong)(gong)领(ling)导(dao)下，献其绵薄(bo)，共(gong)(gong)策进行，以期中(zhong)国(guo)(guo)人(ren)民民主革命(ming)之迅速成功，独立、自(zi)由、和平、幸(xing)福的(de)(de)新(xin)中(zhong)国(guo)(guo)之早日(ri)实现(xian)。”这是(shi)各(ge)民主党(dang)派、无(wu)党(dang)派人(ren)士(shi)首次(ci)明(ming)(ming)(ming)确(que)接(jie)受中(zhong)国(guo)(guo)共(gong)(gong)产(chan)党(dang)领(ling)导(dao)的(de)(de)书面宣(xuan)言。
在(zai)1949年9月(yue)17日新(xin)政(zheng)协(xie)(xie)筹备会第(di)二次全体会议上，正式将新(xin)政(zheng)协(xie)(xie)定名为(wei)中国人民政(zheng)治协(xie)(xie)商会议，简称人民政(zheng)协(xie)(xie)，中国共产党(dang)领导的(de)多党(dang)合(he)作和(he)政(zheng)治协(xie)(xie)商制(zhi)度由此确立。以中共中央发(fa)布“五一(yi)口号(hao)”为(wei)标志，人民政(zheng)协(xie)(xie)的(de)起源(yuan)点、出发(fa)地(di)，被历史定格在(zai)了(le)西柏坡(po)。
